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Humayun Azad (28 April 1947 – 12 August 2004) was a Bangladeshi poet, novelist, short-story writer, critic, linguist, columnist and professor of Dhaka University. He wrote more than 70 titles. He was awarded the Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1986 for his contributions to Bengali linguistics. In 2012, the government of Bangladesh honored him with Ekushey Padak posthumously for his contributions to Bengali literature.
Towards the end of the 1980s, he started to write newspaper column focusing on contemporary sociopolitical issues. His commentaries continued throughout the 1990s and were later published as books as they grew in numbers. Through his writings of the 1990s and early 2000s he established himself as a novelist.
In 1992, Azad published the first comprehensive feminist book in Bengali titled Naree (). Naree received both positive and negative reviews as a treatise, it was considered the first full-fledged feminist book after the independence of Bangladesh. In this work Azad mentioned the pro-women contributions of the British Raj's two famous Bengali socio-political reformers: Raja Rammohan Roy and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, he criticized Rabindranath Tagore, a famous Bengali poet and Nobel laureate, and Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, a famous Bengali novelist of the 19th century. The work, critical of the patriarchal and male-chauvinistic attitude of society towards women, attracted negative reactions from many Bangladeshi readers. The government of Bangladesh banned the book in 1995. The ban was eventually lifted in 2000, following a legal battle that Azad won in the High Court of the country.
In the year of 1994 he published his first novel which was titled as Chhappanno Hajar Borgomail (); the novel was about military rule in Bangladesh in 1980s decade. He got special recognition for his second novel Sab Kichu Bhene Pare (1995) which was based on interpersonal relationship of Bangladeshi society. He wrote Ekti Khuner Svapna (), an unrequited love-based novel where the main male protagonist lives in Salimullah Muslim Hall of Dhaka University where Azad lived during his student life, it was Azad's last novel published in 2004 in which year he died. Other important novels are Kobi Othoba Dondito Aupurush () and Nijer Shonge Nijer Jiboner Modhu (), the first was based on a fictitious late 20th century Bangladeshi male poet's life who is castrated after involving in live-in relationship with a much younger woman and the latter was inspired by Humayun Azad's own rural life when he was a teen-aged boy. Another noted novel written by Azad was Fali Fali Kore Kata Chand (), where the main female protagonist character Shirin is an educated young woman with self-boastfulness, she engages in adultery, leaves her husband and becomes misandrist.
Azad also wrote teen-age literature, among them, the discourse-book Laal Neel Deepabali is noted, this book was written for teen-aged boys and girls as Azad's aim was to teach Bangladeshi adolescent boys and girls about the history of Bengali literature in short.
Azad had been fearing for his life ever since excerpts of his novel, Pak Sar Jamin Sad Bad () were first published in The Daily Ittefaq Newspapers Eid supplement in 2003. In that novel, he indecorously criticised the political ideologies of the Islamic extremists of Bangladesh. After that book had been published, he started receiving various threats from the Islamist fundamentalists.
A week prior to Azad's assault, Delwar Hossain Sayeedi, one of the members of parliament of Bangladesh said in the parliament, that Azad's political satire Pak Sar Jamin Sad Bad must be banned; he also wanted infliction of the blasphemy law of Bangladesh for this kind of book. In 2006, one of the leaders of the fundamentalist organization Jama'atul Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB) admitted to the RAB interrogators that his operatives carried out the attack on writer Azad, as well as two other murders, bomb blasts, and 2002 attacks on cinemas.
Death
On 12 August 2004, Azad was found dead in his apartment in Munich, Germany, where he had arrived a week earlier to conduct research on the nineteenth century German romantic poet Heinrich Heine, several months after the Islamists' machete attack on him at a book fair, which had left him grievously injured. His family demanded an investigation, alleging that the extremists who had attempted the earlier assassination had a role in this death. While alive, Azad had expressed his wish to donate his body to medical college after his death. Instead he was buried in Rarhikhal, his village home in Bangladesh, as doctors declined to take his body for medical research, as several days had passed for his body to reach Bangladesh from Germany. The first death anniversary of Azad was observed with respect in Rarhikhal village on Friday, the 12 August 2005.
Personal life
Azad met his future wife Latifa Kohinoor in 1968 during his M.A. studies at the University of Dhaka. They married on 12 October 1975. Together they had two daughters, Smita and Mauli, and one son, Anannya. Kohinoor died from cancer on 5 September 2024 in Dhaka.
Bibliography
Notable books
External links
Categories: 1947 Births, 2004 Deaths, Bangladeshi Expatriates In Germany, Bangladeshi Male Writers, Bangladeshi Atheists, Bengali Poets, Bengali-language Novelists, People From Bikrampur, Dhaka College Alumni, University Of Dhaka Alumni, Alumni Of The University Of Edinburgh, Academic Staff Of The University Of Chittagong, Academic Staff Of Jahangirnagar University, Academic Staff Of The University Of Dhaka, Linguists From Bangladesh, Bangladeshi Male Poets, Bangladeshi Male Novelists, Bangladeshi Feminist Writers, 20th-century Bangladeshi Poets, 20th-century Bangladeshi Male Writers, Recipients Of The Ekushey Padak, Recipients Of Bangla Academy Award, 20th-century Linguists, Survivors Of Terrorist Attacks, Bangladeshi Modernist Poets, Bangladeshi Exiles, 20th-century Bangladeshi Novelists
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